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Strategic Gap Analysis: Current Legal Reality vs. Proposed Solutions

This analysis identifies critical discrepancies between the current constitutional and legislative framework and the requirements outlined in the July National Charter 2025. The following table maps specific legal gaps and presents the proposed neutrality-based solutions that would enable the Gulshan-2 ADSZ framework.

Domain Current Legal Reality (The Gap) Proposed Solution (The Reform)
Zone Leadership Local Government (City Corporation) Act, 2009
Authority vested in the Mayor of Dhaka North City Corporation (DNCC). The local Member of Parliament has no executive power over the zone and acts only as an advisor. This creates a disconnect between parliamentary representation and actual governance authority. 		ADSZ Act - Non-Partisan MP as Zone Administrator
The new ADSZ Act vests executive power in the local MP as the ex-officio 'Zone Administrator,' with Tarique Rahman's BNP government championing this reform. This aligns governance authority with democratic representation and positions ADSZ as a flagship initiative of the incoming administration.
Conflict of Interest Partisan Politics Reality
MPs typically hold party posts (Chairman, Secretary-General) or Cabinet Ministry positions, creating inherent conflicts of interest when managing a diplomatic enclave that requires strict neutrality and service to all stakeholders regardless of political affiliation. 		'Sole Focus' Mandate - Neutrality Requirement
New statutory requirement under ADSZ Act Section 5(3): The Zone Administrator must formally renounce all executive party posts and refuse Cabinet positions to ensure total neutrality. This unprecedented provision creates a new category of "Non-Partisan MP" focused solely on zone governance.
Parliament Structure Constitution Article 65(1)
"There shall be a Parliament... known as the House of the Nation" (Unicameral). This structure concentrates power in a single chamber, allowing temporary majorities to pass legislation without sufficient checks, making reforms like ADSZ vulnerable to reversal. 		Bicameral Amendment - Article 65 Revised
"Parliament shall consist of two Houses: the National Assembly (Lower House) and the Senate (Upper House)." The Senate, elected by proportional representation, provides checks and balances, ensuring ADSZ legislation requires broader consensus and is protected from unilateral reversal.
Police Control Police Act, 1861 (Section 4)
Police administration is vested solely in the Inspector-General of Police (IGP) under the Home Ministry. This centralized control prevents local authorities from establishing dedicated security forces tailored to specific needs like diplomatic protection in Gulshan-2. 		ADSZ Police Act - Municipal Police Authority
New Section 4A to Police Act: Creation of "ADSZ Police" reporting directly to the Zone Administrator, bypassing the standard IGP chain of command for local security matters. Includes neutrality clause prohibiting political enforcement, ensuring the force serves diplomatic security needs above political considerations.

Why This Gap Analysis Matters

  • Identifies Legal Obstacles: Maps exact constitutional and statutory barriers to ADSZ implementation
  • Provides Reform Roadmap: Each gap has a corresponding legislative solution with specific article/section citations
  • Demonstrates Feasibility: Shows that ADSZ is not utopian but requires precise legal amendments
  • Establishes Neutrality as Core Principle: The 'Sole Focus' mandate emerges as the solution to partisan conflicts
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Constitutional Amendment for a Bicameral Legislature in Bangladesh

1.1 Current Unicameral Structure and Needed Change

Bangladesh's Jatiya Sangsad is presently a unicameral legislature with 300 members elected from single-member constituencies, plus 50 reserved women's seats allocated proportionally to parties. Article 65(1) of the Constitution establishes this single-house Parliament. To introduce a bicameral legislature, the Constitution must be amended to create an Upper House in addition to the existing Lower House (National Assembly).

Bicameralism is aimed at improving representation and checks and balances: most mature democracies have two chambers to prevent concentration of power and to refine legislation through review. A second chamber can represent diverse interests (regions, minorities, experts) and act as a moderating body against unilateral decisions by the lower house.

1.2 Structure, Composition, and Powers of the Upper House

Under proposed reforms (as reflected in the July National Charter 2025), Bangladesh's Parliament would have two chambers. The Lower House (Jatiya Sangsad or National Assembly) would continue to be directly elected, potentially with an expanded membership (e.g. 300 general seats plus additional seats to ensure women and youth representation).

Upper House Composition

  • 100-105 members elected by proportional representation (PR) based on national vote share
  • If a party wins 40% of votes nationally, it would get roughly 40% of Upper House seats
  • Ensures smaller parties and viewpoints gain a voice even if they win few constituencies
  • Some proposals include 5 appointed members for marginalized groups or technocrats
  • Members serve staggered terms aligned with Lower House's 4-5 year term

Legislative Powers

The Upper House would function as a revising chamber with substantial legislative review authority. All bills passed by the Lower House would be sent to the Upper House for debate and approval. The Upper House would have the power to delay or propose amendments to legislation.

Constitutional Amendments: Any constitutional amendment would require approval by a majority of the Upper House. This means neither the ruling party nor a single house could unilaterally alter the Constitution without broader consensus.

Conflict Resolution: To avoid legislative deadlock, the Constitution should establish a mechanism for resolving disagreements between the two houses. International practice offers models: joint sessions of both houses (as in India for certain bills) or a mediation committee (as in Germany) to reconcile differences.

Money Bills: Money Bills (budget and finance laws) could be required to originate in the Lower House and the Upper House's role on them could be limited to a consultative/delaying capacity. This ensures that budget approval is not indefinitely held up while still allowing the Upper House to make recommendations on fiscal matters.

1.3 Specific Constitutional Articles to Amend

Creating a bicameral legislature in Bangladesh necessitates amending and supplementing several constitutional provisions:

Article 65: Establishment of Parliament

Current: States that Parliament consists of a single house of 350 members.

Proposed Amendment:

"Parliament shall consist of two Houses, namely the National Assembly and the Senate (Upper House), as provided herein. The National Assembly shall be composed of [300] members elected from territorial constituencies and [X] reserved women's seats as provided by law. The Senate shall be composed of [100] members chosen by proportional representation based on the national vote or as prescribed by law, and up to [5] members appointed to represent special interests."

Article 66-69: Qualifications and Privileges

These articles applying to MPs must be extended to Senators. Article 66 sets age (25 years) and other qualifications for MPs; one might introduce a slightly higher minimum age for Upper House members (e.g., 30 years).

Article 68 Amendment: "The remuneration, privileges and allowances of members of each House of Parliament shall be determined by Act of Parliament."

Article 70: Vacating Seat on Floor Crossing (Revised with Neutrality Exception)

Bangladesh's stringent anti-floor-crossing rule currently applies to the unicameral Parliament. This must be extended or adapted for both Houses, WITH A CRITICAL EXCEPTION for the ADSZ Administrator to maintain non-partisan status.

"A person elected as a member of Parliament of either House shall vacate his seat if he: (a) resigns from the party on whose nomination he was elected; or (b) votes in Parliament against that party. Provided that the Member designated as the Gulshan-2 ADSZ Administrator under the ADSZ Act shall be exempt from this provision for the duration of their tenure as Administrator, to enable non-partisan governance of the diplomatic zone."

Rationale: This exemption is unprecedented but necessary: it allows the ADSZ Administrator to act independently without fear of losing their seat, while still being democratically elected and accountable to constituents.

Article 71: Dual Membership Prohibition

A new clause must specify that no person can simultaneously be a member of the Lower House and the Upper House.

Article 72-74: Sessions, Speaker, Procedures

সংসদ আহ্বান ও স্থগিত করার বিধানগুলি সংশোধন করা প্রয়োজন। প্রতিটি কক্ষের নিজস্ব অধ্যক্ষ থাকবে:

"There shall be a Speaker of the National Assembly and a Chairman of the Senate, elected by the members of each House respectively."

New supporting articles would detail the election and role of the Upper House's presiding officer.

Article 80-82: Legislative Procedure and Presidential Assent

These articles must be rewritten to reflect that a bill must be passed by both Houses.

"Every Bill which has been passed by the National Assembly and the Senate shall be presented to the President for assent."

A new Article 80A might define Money Bills, restricting the Upper House's powers over them (the Upper House could be given 15 days to recommend changes to a Money Bill, but the National Assembly may accept or reject those recommendations).

Article 142: Amendment of the Constitution

Current: Requires a two-thirds majority of Parliament (unicameral) and in some cases a referendum.

Proposed Amendment:

"(1) A Bill to amend any provision of this Constitution shall be passed by not less than two-thirds of the total number of members of each House of Parliament, and shall not become law unless it is approved in a referendum by a majority of the votes cast."

This triple requirement (two-thirds in both Houses + referendum) greatly increases the hurdle for future constitutional changes, ensuring broad consensus.

Legislative Drafting Example

New Article 65A could read:

"Article 65A: The Senate (1) The Senate shall consist of 100 members to be elected through proportional representation from party lists, according to the aggregate votes polled by each political party in the most recent general election for the National Assembly. (2) An Act of Parliament shall provide the method for allocation of Senate seats and the filling of any vacancies therein. (3) The term of the Senate shall coincide with the term of the National Assembly, and a new Senate shall be constituted after each general election."

1.4 Legal Reasoning and Global Best Practices for Bicameralism

The push for a second chamber is rooted in Bangladesh's experience of winner-takes-all politics and the desire to "dismantle centralized power". By requiring laws and amendments to clear an Upper House, it moderates the dominance of any temporary majority in the Lower House.

Country Upper House Structure Key Feature Relevance to Bangladesh
India Rajya Sabha (Council of States) Represents states; elected by state legislatures Regional representation model
Pakistan Senate Represents provinces equally Federal power-sharing mechanism
United Kingdom House of Lords Revising chamber; expert scrutiny Legislative quality improvement
Germany Bundesrat Represents state governments Vertical power-sharing
United States Senate Equal state representation; checks majority Moderated decision-making

Rationale for Bangladesh: A bicameral setup is expected to deepen democratic accountability. The Lower House, elected from constituencies, ensures local representation, while the Upper House chosen by proportional vote or other means ensures broader representation of political plurality and expertise. This "semi-parliamentary" model balances majority rule with proportional inclusion.

The Upper House would serve as a safeguard against rushed or extreme legislation, given its ability to review bills more soberly and even require a referendum for major constitutional changes. This aligns with global trends to entrench important changes behind multi-layered approval to ensure public buy-in and stability.

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Legislative Changes for Gulshan-2 as an Autonomous Diplomatic Smart Zone (ADSZ)

2.1 Special Status for Gulshan-2: Rationale and Overview

Gulshan-2 – an upscale diplomatic enclave in Dhaka – requires a tailored governance framework due to its unique profile. It hosts numerous foreign embassies, international organizations, elite businesses, and affluent residents, making it a de facto diplomatic zone with heightened security and service needs.

Current Status: Gulshan falls under the Dhaka North City Corporation (DNCC) like any other neighborhood, and under general municipal laws.

Proposed Change: Formally designate Gulshan-2 as an "Autonomous Diplomatic Smart Zone" (ADSZ) with the status of a largely self-governing municipality. This would elevate Gulshan-2 to a special administrative unit – essentially a city within a city – empowered to manage its own affairs.

ADSZ Powers and Functions

  • Zoning and land-use planning within Gulshan-2
  • Infrastructure development and maintenance
  • Local regulations on security, traffic, building codes
  • Service delivery coordination
  • Smart city technology implementation
  • Environmental protection and green space management

Constitutional Basis: Bangladesh's Constitution (Article 59) envisions elected local government at each administrative unit, and Article 60 directs Parliament to confer adequate powers (including taxation) to local bodies. However, Gulshan-2 is not an administrative unit by itself – it's a part of Dhaka city. To reverse that and give Gulshan-2 autonomy, Parliamentary action is needed.

2.2 Amendments to Local Government Laws and New Legislative Act

Several existing laws may need amendment to integrate the ADSZ concept:

Local Government (City Corporation) Act, 2009

This Act governs city corporations like Dhaka. It does not contemplate a city corporation within a city, so one approach is to amend it to allow the government to redefine city boundaries or create special zones.

Proposed Amendment

"Notwithstanding anything in this Act, the Government may, in the national interest or for special circumstances, by notification in the official Gazette and by law, establish a Special Autonomous Zone within the limits of a City Corporation, which shall be governed by a separate council as provided in that law. Upon such establishment, the jurisdiction of the City Corporation shall be deemed amended accordingly."

Dhaka City Corporation Acts/Ordinances

Dhaka was divided into North and South City Corporations by law. Those laws would need an update to subtract Gulshan-2 from Dhaka North's area. The legal description of DNCC's jurisdiction would be amended to exclude the wards/area comprising Gulshan-2 ADSZ.

The Gulshan-2 ADSZ Act (New Legislation)

The cleanest method is a dedicated "Gulshan-2 ADSZ Act". This Act would override any conflicting local government laws for this specific zone. It can be modelled as a special charter, comparable to how some countries legislate special administrative areas.

Key Contents of the ADSZ Act

  • Establishment and Territory: Declare the establishment of the "Gulshan-2 Autonomous Diplomatic Smart Zone" as a municipal body corporate with explicitly defined territorial limits
  • Governing Council: Create the ADSZ Council as the governing authority, enumerate composition, election method, tenure, and powers
  • Powers and Functions: Enumerate exclusive functions including zoning, building approvals, localized regulations, utilities management, traffic control, permits, enforcement
  • Relationship with National Agencies: Clarify coordination with central government, DNCC, RAJUK, DMP, Foreign Ministry, Home Ministry
  • Financial Provisions: Grant revenue collection powers, establish budgeting requirements, mandate independent audits
  • Legal Status and Courts: Establish ADSZ regulations as legally binding, provide for dispute resolution mechanisms

Sample ADSZ Act Provision

Draft: ADSZ Act Section 5 - Powers and Functions

"Section 5: Powers and Functions of the ADSZ Council (1) Subject to this Act and any other law, the ADSZ Council shall be responsible for governance, development, and security coordination within the Zone. (2) The functions of the Council shall include: (a) urban planning and zoning control within the Zone, including approval of building plans and land-use permits; (b) construction and maintenance of local roads, drainage, parks, and public facilities; (c) provision of municipal services such as waste management, street lighting, and community amenities; (d) regulation of traffic and parking within the Zone in coordination with traffic police; (e) ensuring public safety in coordination with law enforcement agencies, including by establishing local security bylaws; (f) licensing of businesses and oversight of commercial activities as needed for local order and standards; (g) adoption of smart city infrastructure and digital services for residents; (h) any other function conferred by the Government through gazette notification in line with the objectives of this Act."

Legal Reasoning: The ADSZ Act essentially grants Gulshan-2 a degree of "home rule" – akin to how some major cities or special zones operate under charters. This is justified by the concentration of diplomatic missions (which require special security and protocol considerations under the Vienna Convention) and the zone's potential to pilot advanced urban solutions.

2.3 Structure and Composition of the Gulshan-2 ADSZ Council

The centerpiece of Gulshan-2's autonomous governance will be the ADSZ Council, effectively the municipal government of the zone. The campaign envisions this as a hybrid of a city corporation and a special authority.

Council Composition

  • Elected Members: 10 members elected by residents from within Gulshan-2 (possibly including business property owners for representation)
  • Chairperson/Mayor: The area's Member of Parliament serves as ex officio Chair of the ADSZ Council
  • Ex-Officio Members: Representatives from Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Dhaka North City Corporation (advisory, non-voting)
  • Advisory Board: Optional advisory committee comprising representatives of diplomatic missions, international organizations, and local business community

👨‍💼Why Tarique Rahman & BNP for ADSZ

Tarique Rahman, Acting Chairman of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party, represents the leadership Bangladesh needs to implement the ADSZ framework. His vision for modern governance and the BNP's commitment to reform make this initiative achievable:

  • 17 Years of Strategic Vision: During his time abroad, Tarique Rahman studied governance models from London, Singapore, Dubai, and other global cities. This international exposure gives him unique insight into how autonomous zones and smart city initiatives can transform Bangladesh.
  • Historic Return & Democratic Mandate: His return to Bangladesh on December 25, 2025, after 17 years signals a new era of democratic governance. Local surveys predict a BNP victory in February 2026, giving him the mandate to implement transformative reforms like ADSZ.
  • BNP's Reform Agenda: The BNP has consistently advocated for good governance, decentralization, and international standards. The ADSZ framework aligns perfectly with BNP's vision of a modern, globally-integrated Bangladesh.
  • July Sanad Implementation: The July Sanad (National Charter 2025) provides the constitutional foundation for bicameral reform. Under Tarique Rahman's leadership, BNP is committed to implementing this charter, which enables the ADSZ governance structure.
  • Diplomatic Relations Priority: Tarique Rahman understands the importance of strong diplomatic relationships. The ADSZ in Gulshan-2—home to 50+ embassies—will serve as Bangladesh's showcase for international engagement and foreign investment.
  • Economic Vision: The ADSZ model supports BNP's economic goals: attracting foreign investment, creating high-skilled jobs, and establishing Bangladesh as a regional hub for technology and innovation.

Under Tarique Rahman's leadership as Prime Minister, the ADSZ framework can become a reality—transforming Gulshan-2 into South Asia's premier diplomatic and smart governance zone, setting a precedent for the entire nation.

Sample Provision: MP as Council Chair

Draft: ADSZ Act Section 4 - Council Chairperson

"Section 4: Chairperson of the ADSZ Council The person elected as Member of Parliament from the Dhaka-** (Gulshan-2) constituency shall be the ex officio Chairperson (Mayor) of the ADSZ Council."

Sample Provision: Ex-Officio Members

Draft: ADSZ Act Section 6 - Ex-Officio Members

"Section 6: Ex-Officio Members of the Council The Government shall nominate one representative from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and one from the Dhaka North City Corporation to serve as members of the Council, who shall have the right to participate in deliberations and advise on matters of their competence, but shall not have a voting right in Council decisions."

Elections and Tenure

The Act should specify how councilors are elected (e.g., non-partisan direct elections). It may set a term for the Council, likely aligning with municipal norms (perhaps 5 years). If the MP is Chair, their tenure on the Council would coincide with being MP.

Decision-Making Powers

The ADSZ Council would operate similarly to a city corporation's council, passing resolutions and by-laws on local matters. Some actions, such as passing the annual Zone budget or enacting a regulation affecting rights, might require a supermajority or government approval.

To incorporate global good governance, the Council's meetings and decisions should be transparent and subject to public input. The law could require that meetings be open to observers or that minutes and budgets are published.

2.4 Oversight and Integration with Broader Governance

Even as Gulshan-2 gains autonomy, it remains part of the Republic of Bangladesh and the metropolis of Dhaka. Therefore, the legal framework must integrate oversight:

Ministry Oversight

The Ministry of Local Government (MoLGRD&C) typically supervises municipalities. The ADSZ Council should submit its annual budget and development plans to this Ministry for review or information. The Minister could retain powers to quash a Council regulation ultra vires or against the public interest.

Draft: ADSZ Act Section 12 - Ministry Oversight

"Section 12: Government Oversight If the ADSZ Council makes a decision or by-law inconsistent with national laws or security requirements, the Government may, after consultation, rescind such decision or by-law, recording reasons in writing."

Financial Oversight

Independent audits are crucial. The local government ministry or an independent Grants Commission could oversee how central grants are used in Gulshan. Requiring performance reports from the ADSZ (perhaps tabled in Parliament annually) can keep the zone accountable to the nation.

Coordination with Dhaka City and Agencies

The DNCC will continue to surround Gulshan-2. Services like major roads, utilities (electricity, water), and transport links necessitate coordination.

Draft: ADSZ Act Section 13 - Service Coordination

"Section 13: Service-Sharing Agreements The ADSZ Council shall enter into service-sharing agreements with Dhaka North City Corporation and any other service agency for continuity of utilities, firefighting services, and other metropolitan services, under terms approved by the Government."

Judicial Oversight

Residents and entities in Gulshan-2 must have recourse if the ADSZ Council oversteps its bounds. The constitutional remedy of judicial review remains – anyone can challenge a Council regulation or action in the courts (e.g., the High Court Division) if it violates rights or laws.

To manage minor disputes, the Act could institute a local Administrative Tribunal or empower the existing Local Government Tribunal to hear appeals against ADSZ Council decisions, providing quicker local justice.

International Best Practices

Example Governance Model Key Lessons
Washington D.C. Federal district with own municipal government under Congressional oversight Special oversight for capital districts
City of London Independent City of London Corporation, distinct from Greater London Bespoke governance for vital enclaves
Dubai/Riyadh Diplomatic Quarters Dedicated authorities managing diplomatic zones Tailored security and infrastructure
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Establishing a Dedicated Municipal Police Force for Gulshan-2

3.1 Need for a Tailored Security Force in the Diplomatic Zone

Gulshan-2's status as Dhaka's diplomatic hub means it faces distinctive security challenges – high-profile foreign targets, terrorism threats (recall the 2016 Holey Artisan attack in Gulshan, which tragically killed 22), frequent VIP movements, and demonstrations related to international issues.

Current Arrangement: Law enforcement is handled by the Dhaka Metropolitan Police (DMP), specifically its Diplomatic Security Division, which provides extra patrols and protection in Gulshan-Baridhara.

Proposed Change: An Independent ADSZ Police Unit – a locally controlled police force or special task force focused solely on Gulshan-2. The rationale is that a dedicated force, under the oversight of the local ADSZ Council, would be more responsive to the community's needs, enforce zone-specific regulations effectively, and possess specialized training.

International Policing Models

  • New York City: Dedicated precinct for UN headquarters area
  • Washington D.C.: Secret Service and Metro Police dividing diplomatic security responsibilities
  • City of London: Separate City of London Police force for the Square Mile, accountable to City Corporation Police Committee
  • UAE (Dubai and Abu Dhabi): Each emirate manages its own police force tuned to local requirements

3.2 Legal Framework for Creating the ADSZ Police Unit

Bangladesh's police system is centralized under the Ministry of Home Affairs. The primary police law is the Police Act of 1861 and the Dhaka Metropolitan Police Ordinance (1976). Under current law, there is no provision for a local government to raise its own police force. Therefore, legislative changes are necessary:

Amendments to Police Act / Metropolitan Police Law

Draft: Police Act Section 4A - Special Police Units

"Section 4A: Special Police Units for Designated Areas Notwithstanding anything in this Act, the Government may notify a specialized police unit for any specified area within the metropolitan area for the purpose of dedicated law enforcement under a local authority, subject to supervision by the Inspector General of Police."

Creation of the Force

Draft: ADSZ Police Act Section 1 - Establishment

"Section 1: ADSZ Police (1) The Government shall establish a dedicated police unit for the Gulshan-2 Autonomous Zone, to be called the ADSZ Police. (2) The ADSZ Police shall consist of officers and staff as sanctioned by the Government, headed by a Commissioner of Police for the Zone. The Commissioner shall be appointed by the Government in consultation with the Chairperson of the ADSZ Council and shall report to the ADSZ Council regarding local policing matters, without prejudice to his obligations under national law to the Inspector General of Police. (3) Members of the ADSZ Police shall have within the Zone all the powers, duties, and liabilities of police officers as provided in the Police Act, 1861 and the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898. (4) The ADSZ Council may frame regulations, with approval of the Government, to guide community policing, traffic management, and enforcement of Council by-laws by the ADSZ Police. (5) The Government shall ensure that ADSZ Police officers receive training adequate for a diplomatic zone, including joint training with metropolitan police units in charge of diplomatic security. (6) The Government may, for reasons of national security or major public order needs, deploy additional police or security forces to the Zone, or direct the ADSZ Police to cooperate under a unified command with national agencies for the duration of such a situation."

Powers and Jurisdiction

The Act must give ADSZ Police the same powers of investigation, arrest, and enforcement within Gulshan-2 as regular police have elsewhere. ADSZ Police officers would exercise all powers, privileges, and responsibilities of police officers within the Zone.

Collaboration with National Forces

Since embassies' protection is a national obligation, the Diplomatic Security Division of DMP and agencies like the Special Branch will still be actively concerned. The ADSZ Police should operate "in collaboration with national police."

Scope of Duties

  • Typical policing (patrolling, traffic control, crime prevention, investigations)
  • Enforcement of ADSZ Council regulations (noise curfews, permit systems, security cordons)
  • Specialized focus on diplomatic security and protocol
  • Quick response to zone-specific incidents

Magistrates and Courts

The proposal advocates dedicated magistrates or fast-track courts for petty offences in the zone to ensure swift justice for violations of city regulations.

Draft: ADSZ Police Act Section 8 - Magistrate's Court

"Section 8: Magistrate's Court for the Zone For the expeditious enforcement of Zone regulations, the Government may establish within the Zone a Magistrate's Court or assign an Executive Magistrate with jurisdiction over the Zone, who shall try offenses under this Act or under any by-law made by the ADSZ Council, and impose fines or penalties up to a limit specified by law. Appeals from decisions of such Magistrate shall lie to the courts as per usual procedure."

Accountability and Oversight

The ADSZ Council would have oversight via a Security Committee that works with the Police Commissioner on priorities, budget for policing, and community relations. External oversight, such as an independent Police Complaints Commission for the zone, could handle misconduct allegations.

3.3 Global Best Practices and Analogues in Policing

City of London Police

London's financial district has its own police force accountable to the City of London Corporation (via its Police Committee), not the Mayor of London. The force is smaller but focuses on fraud and business district issues. This demonstrates that multiple police jurisdictions in one metropolis can coordinate effectively.

Singapore's Safe City Model

Singapore has one of the lowest crime rates globally. Key factors are strict laws and advanced surveillance. Gulshan-2's police can emulate this by deploying extensive CCTV coverage, integrated command centre, emergency response drills, and analytical tools under proper legal oversight.

UAE (Dubai and Abu Dhabi)

Each city has a well-funded police force known for rapid response and heavy use of technology. Dubai's focus on being among the safest cities offers lessons in integration of emergency services. For Gulshan, the ADSZ could integrate police, fire, and medical emergency services under one coordinated unit.

Diplomatic Quarter Security (Riyadh)

Access and security are tightly controlled by a dedicated authority with special permits. While Bangladesh may not restrict entry into Gulshan-2, the ADSZ Police could enforce higher security protocols with legal backing.

Model Key Features Application to Gulshan-2
City of London Police Independent force for financial district; local accountability Dedicated zone policing with local oversight
Singapore Advanced surveillance; strict enforcement; low crime Safe City model with technology integration
Dubai Police Integrated emergency services; rapid response; AI/tech Multi-disciplinary emergency response
UN Headquarters (NYC) Dedicated precinct for diplomatic area Specialized training for diplomatic security
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Country First Leadership Model and Global Governance Standards

4.1 Sobar Age Bangladesh - Country First Governance

A cornerstone of the Gulshan-2 ADSZ campaign is the 'Country First' leadership model - Sobar Age Bangladesh. This principle ensures that governance decisions prioritize national interest, economic development, and global standards above all else. The reasoning is that Gulshan-2's issues are highly specialized (security, smart urban management, diplomatic facilitation) and require leadership that puts Bangladesh's reputation and prosperity first.

🇧🇩Why Country First Leadership is Essential - Sobar Age Bangladesh

Gulshan-2's unique status as a diplomatic enclave housing over 50 foreign embassies, international organizations, and global businesses demands leadership that prioritizes Bangladesh's national interest above all. Here's why the Country First model matters:

  • National Interest Above All: The 'Sobar Age Bangladesh' principle ensures every decision - from infrastructure to security to economic policy - serves Bangladesh's long-term prosperity and global standing. Leaders commit to country over personal or narrow interests.
  • Diplomatic Excellence: Foreign missions require assurance that local governance maintains professional standards befitting Bangladesh's aspirations as a rising economy. Country First leadership builds trust with all diplomatic stakeholders.
  • Economic Development Focus: Gulshan-2 faces unique challenges—counter-terrorism security, smart city infrastructure, green space preservation, traffic management—that require technical expertise focused on making Bangladesh competitive globally.
  • Stability and Continuity: Country First leadership ensures Gulshan-2 receives consistent attention and development, protecting long-term plans that benefit all of Bangladesh from short-term disruptions.
  • Merit-Based Governance: Country First governance prioritizes competence and results. Appointments to the ADSZ Council, police force, and administrative roles are based on ability to serve Bangladesh's interests, aligning with global best practices.
  • Global Image and Investment: By showcasing Country First governance in Gulshan-2, Bangladesh demonstrates to the world its commitment to excellence, rule of law, and modern governance—attracting foreign investment and strengthening diplomatic relations.

In essence, the Country First leadership model - Sobar Age Bangladesh - ensures the ADSZ functions at the highest global standard, putting Bangladesh's national interest, prosperity, and international reputation at the forefront of every decision.

👨‍💼Why Tarique Rahman Embodies Country First Leadership

Tarique Rahman, Acting Chairman of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party and son of Shaheed President Ziaur Rahman, represents the 'Sobar Age Bangladesh' vision. His commitment to putting Bangladesh first makes the ADSZ framework achievable:

  • Legacy of National Service: As the son of Shaheed President Ziaur Rahman, who dedicated his life to Bangladesh's independence and development, Tarique Rahman carries forward the 'Country First' legacy that built modern Bangladesh.
  • 17 Years of Global Learning: During his time abroad, Tarique Rahman studied governance models from London, Singapore, Dubai, and other global cities—all to bring world-class standards back to Bangladesh.
  • Historic Return for Bangladesh: His return on December 25, 2025, after 17 years demonstrates his commitment to serve Bangladesh directly. He chose to come back when Bangladesh needs transformative leadership most.
  • BNP's Country First Agenda: The BNP has consistently advocated for good governance, economic development, and international standards—all aligned with putting Bangladesh's interests first.
  • July Sanad Implementation: Under Tarique Rahman's leadership, BNP is committed to implementing the July Sanad (National Charter 2025), which provides the constitutional foundation for reforms that serve all of Bangladesh.
  • Economic Vision for Bangladesh: The ADSZ model supports Bangladesh's economic goals: attracting foreign investment, creating high-skilled jobs, and establishing Bangladesh as a regional hub—all Country First priorities.

Under Tarique Rahman's leadership as Prime Minister, guided by the 'Sobar Age Bangladesh' principle, the ADSZ framework will transform Gulshan-2 into South Asia's premier diplomatic and smart governance zone—a model of what Country First leadership can achieve for all of Bangladesh.

Legal/Constitutional Mechanisms for Country First Governance

Country First Local Elections

"Elections to the ADSZ Council shall prioritize candidates demonstrating commitment to the 'Sobar Age Bangladesh' - Country First principle. All candidates shall pledge to put Bangladesh's national interest, development, and global reputation above personal or narrow interests."

This ensures the Council operates with Bangladesh's best interests at heart. Voters choose leaders based on their commitment to national development and competence.

Council Chair - Country First Commitment

The ADSZ Council Chair commits to the Country First principle:

"The ADSZ Council Chair shall take an oath to uphold the 'Sobar Age Bangladesh' principle, prioritizing Bangladesh's national interest, development, and international reputation in all governance decisions."

Appointment of Key Officials - Merit for Bangladesh

Key officials in ADSZ administration are selected based on their ability to serve Bangladesh:

  • Independent Audit body focused on ensuring resources serve Bangladesh's development
  • Police Oversight Board with professionals committed to Bangladesh's security and reputation
  • Expert members selected for their ability to advance Bangladesh's global standing

Rationale: Country First governance improves outcomes by ensuring all decisions serve Bangladesh's national interest. Given that Gulshan-2 represents Bangladesh to the diplomatic world, leadership committed to 'Sobar Age Bangladesh' builds international confidence and investment.

4.2 Embedding Global Governance Standards and Best Practices

To align Gulshan-2 ADSZ with global best practices, the legal framework and regulations should incorporate principles and models that have proven successful elsewhere:

Transparency and Accountability

"The Council shall ensure transparent governance by publishing annual reports, disclosing financial statements, and providing open access to information about its services and performance, subject to reasonable security exceptions."
  • Council meetings live-streamed or open to public
  • All decisions, budgets, procurement contracts published online
  • Open data portal publishing crime stats, pollution levels, budget utilization
  • Local Integrity Office or explicit Anti-Corruption Commission oversight

Participation and Inclusivity

Global standards (UN SDGs 16 and 11) emphasize inclusive and participatory decision-making:

  • Zone Resident Committee or periodic town hall meetings
  • Quarterly public forums where residents and businesses voice concerns
  • Reserved Council seats for women or youth members
  • Youth Council advisory committee

Global City Benchmarking

"The ADSZ Council shall develop key performance indicators (KPIs) for service delivery and safety (such as emergency response time, crime rates, waste collection efficiency, etc.) in line with global best practices, and shall annually evaluate and publish its performance against these indicators."
  • Seek international certifications (ISO 37120 for sustainable cities)
  • Join international networks (Open Government Partnership, ICLEI)
  • Benchmark against Tokyo, Singapore, Dubai

Smart City Initiatives

Ministry/Department of AI & Innovation: First of its kind at the local level in Bangladesh. This department would oversee:

  • Digital citizen services
  • Data analytics for traffic and utilities
  • Smart city projects (5G networks, smart grids)
  • Coordination with national 'Digital Bangladesh' initiatives
  • IoT infrastructure for real-time monitoring
  • AI-driven predictive analytics for urban planning
  • Smart governance platforms and e-services

Environmental and Urban Planning Standards

  • Green building codes enforcement
  • Protection of Gulshan Lake and parks from encroachment
  • Earthquake-resistant construction requirements
  • Pedestrian zones or no-car days (Singapore model)
  • Regular emergency drills (Tokyo approach)
  • Robust local disaster management plan

Global Cooperation and Branding

Empower the ADSZ Council to directly engage in international cooperation agreements:

  • Twinning with well-run districts/cities
  • MoUs with Singapore's Smart Nation office or Dubai's Smart Dubai initiative
  • International observer participation in governance

Non-Partisan Professional Civil Service

  • Merit-based hiring system insulated from patronage
  • Independent Advisory Panel for appointments to key positions
  • Public service commission recruitment
  • Professional Zone Administrator/CEO

Oversight and Evaluation

"After 5 years, the performance of the Gulshan-2 ADSZ shall be evaluated by an independent commission, and Parliament will revisit the legislation to incorporate lessons or expand the model to other areas if successful."
📹

Campaign Video & Presentations

🎬Understanding the ADSZ Vision

Learn how Tarique Rahman and the BNP plan to implement the comprehensive framework for bicameral legislative reform and the Gulshan-2 Autonomous Diplomatic Smart Zone.

Key Topics Covered

  • Constitutional amendments for bicameral Parliament (National Assembly & Senate)
  • Proportional representation and its benefits for Bangladesh
  • Gulshan-2 ADSZ framework and autonomous governance model
  • Dedicated ADSZ Police Force and enhanced security measures
  • Country First Leadership and Global Governance Standards
  • How bicameralism enables sustainable ADSZ implementation

📚 References and Sources

Constitutional References

  1. Constitution of the People's Republic of Bangladesh (1972, as amended through 2018) - Article 59: Local government in every administrative unit, Article 60: Powers of local bodies including taxation, Article 65(1): Composition of Parliament (300 elected members + 50 reserved women's seats), Available at: bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd
  2. Articles 66-69 of the Constitution: Qualifications of MPs (Article 66 - minimum age 25 years), Seat vacation provisions (Article 67), Remuneration and privileges (Article 68), Parliamentary oath and rights (Article 69)
  3. Article 70 of the Constitution: Anti-floor-crossing provision - MPs vacate seats if voting against party, Source: Bangladesh Constitution, Parliament of Bangladesh official website
  4. Article 71-74 of the Constitution: Dual membership prohibition (71), Parliamentary sessions and prorogation (72), Quorum and voting (73), Speaker election and powers (74)
  5. Articles 80-82 of the Constitution: Legislative procedure (80 - Bill passage and Presidential assent), Money bills and financial procedure (81-82), Reference: Constitution of Bangladesh, Ministry of Law, Justice and Parliamentary Affairs
  6. Article 142 of the Constitution: Constitutional amendment procedure requiring two-thirds majority of Parliament; certain amendments require referendum for fundamental provisions, As cited in: The Constitution (Fifteenth Amendment) Act, 2011

Reform Proposals and Policy Documents

  1. July National Charter 2025 - Proposal for bicameral legislature with Upper House elected by proportional representation, Published: Bonik Barta, Available at: en.bonikbarta.com, Accessed: January 2025
  2. Khan, Arafat H., "Reforming the Legislature in Bangladesh: Towards a Moderated Parliamentary System," Verfassungsblog (Constitutional Reform Commission analysis), Available at: verfassungsblog.de, December 2024 - Analysis of bicameral proposals, proportional representation models, and constitutional safeguards
  3. Constitutional Reform Commission (CRC) Recommendations 2024-2025: Bicameral legislature structure, term limits, appointment committees, emergency powers oversight, referendum requirements for constitutional amendments

Local Government and Municipal Laws

  1. Local Government (City Corporation) Act, 2009 (Act No. 60 of 2009) - Governance of city corporations including Dhaka North and South, Provisions for mayoral powers, council structure, and municipal functions, Bangladesh Government Gazette
  2. Local Government (Municipality) Act, 2009 (Act No. 61 of 2009) - Framework for pourashavas and municipal governance outside city corporations, Ministry of Local Government, Rural Development and Cooperatives (MoLGRD&C)
  3. Dhaka City Corporation Acts and Ordinances - Legal division of Dhaka into North and South City Corporations (Local Government Amendment Act 2011), Jurisdictional boundaries and administrative divisions, Reference: Commonwealth Local Government Forum (clgf.org.uk)

Police and Security Laws

  1. The Police Act, 1861 (Act No. V of 1861, as applicable in Bangladesh) - Organization, powers, and duties of police forces, Authority for appointment of police officers and jurisdictional matters, Available: Bangladesh Legal Database
  2. Dhaka Metropolitan Police Ordinance, 1976 (Ordinance No. XXXIV of 1976) - Establishment and jurisdiction of DMP, Diplomatic Security Division responsibilities, Special provisions for high-security areas, Ministry of Home Affairs
  3. Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898 (Act No. V of 1898) - Procedures for investigation, arrest, and prosecution, Powers exercisable by police officers, Jurisdictional provisions applicable to ADSZ police proposals

International Legal Frameworks

  1. Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations, 1961 - Articles 22-24: Inviolability of diplomatic premises and agents, Host state obligations for diplomatic mission protection, Ratified by Bangladesh, UN Treaty Collection
  2. United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) - Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions (includes effective, accountable governance), Goal 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities (inclusive, safe, resilient urban areas), UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs

Global Best Practices and Comparative Governance

  1. City of London Corporation - Governance Structure and Police Force: Independent local authority for the City of London financial district, City of London Police - Separate force accountable to City Corporation Police Committee, Non-partisan governance model for business-focused administration, Official website: cityoflondon.gov.uk, Inspectorate report: hmicfrs.justiceinspectorates.gov.uk
  2. Washington D.C. Federal District Model - District of Columbia Home Rule Act, 1973: Federal district with own elected municipal government under Congressional oversight, Dedicated Secret Service and Metropolitan Police coordination for diplomatic security, Applicable lessons for capital district governance, Reference: dc.gov
  3. Singapore Governance and Smart City Models - Smart Nation Initiative (launched 2014): Technology-driven urban governance, AI and data analytics for city management, Emphasis on meritocracy and technocratic expertise over partisan politics, Low crime rates through strict enforcement and advanced surveillance (with legal safeguards), Official portal: smartnation.gov.sg
  4. Dubai and UAE Smart City Initiatives - Smart Dubai 2021 Strategy: Integration of emergency services (police, fire, medical) under unified command, Dubai Police - Advanced technology deployment including AI, robotics, rapid response systems, Free zones with tailored governance and business regulations (DIFC model), Diplomatic Quarter security protocols (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia), References: smartdubai.ae, dubaipolice.gov.ae
  5. Bicameral Legislature Comparative Studies: India's Rajya Sabha (Council of States) - State representation model, Pakistan's Senate - Provincial equality representation, United Kingdom's House of Lords - Revising chamber with expert scrutiny, Germany's Bundesrat - State government representation for federal laws, United States Senate - Equal state representation with special appointment powers, Sources: respective parliamentary websites and Inter-Parliamentary Union (ipu.org)
  6. Tokyo Urban Planning and Safety Standards - Earthquake-resistant construction codes, Regular emergency preparedness drills involving residents and institutions, Advanced disaster management systems applicable to diplomatic zones, Green space preservation and urban livability standards, Reference: Tokyo Metropolitan Government (metro.tokyo.lg.jp)

Key Legislative Frameworks

  1. The 'Sole Focus Mandate' Concept: Novel legislative provision requiring ADSZ Administrator to renounce party posts and Cabinet positions. First proposed in: Technocracy AI Legislative Suite (2025), Comparative precedent: City of London Corporation's non-partisan governance tradition
  2. Article 70 Neutrality Exception: Constitutional innovation allowing ADSZ Administrator exemption from anti-floor-crossing rules to enable non-partisan governance. Rationale: Diplomatic zones require leaders who can act independently of party discipline while remaining democratically accountable
  3. Zone Administrator as Ex-Officio Position: Legal mechanism for vesting executive authority in the local MP. Precedents: U.S. system where federal district officials have dual roles, UK where MPs can hold local government oversight positions. Source: ADSZ Act (proposed) Section 5(2)
  4. Police Act Section 4A (Proposed): Amendment creating ADSZ Police with direct reporting to Zone Administrator rather than central IGP. Includes neutrality clause prohibiting enforcement of political programs (hartals/blockades). Justification: Vienna Convention obligations for diplomatic protection, precedent of municipal police in City of London

Note: The Strategic Gap Analysis (Section 0) and Sole Focus Mandate provisions represent original contributions to Bangladesh's constitutional discourse, synthesizing international best practices with the specific needs of the July National Charter 2025 reform framework. All proposed amendments are designed to be legally sound, politically feasible, and aligned with global governance standards.